diff --git a/blog/2026-06-25-ivorysql-deepdive/index.md b/blog/2026-06-25-ivorysql-deepdive/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..13c0478 --- /dev/null +++ b/blog/2026-06-25-ivorysql-deepdive/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,112 @@ +--- +slug: ivorysql-deepdive +title: "IvorySQL Deep Dive: Bridging PostgreSQL Ecosystem and Oracle Compatibility" +authors: [杨宇] +category: IvorySQL +image: img/blog/covers/ivorysql-deepdive.jpg +tags: [IvorySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, Migration, PL/iSQL] +--- + +> By Yang Yu, PG ACE, 2025 PG Ecosystem Conference Gold Speaker, Harbin User Group core member. Oracle OCM, MySQL OCP, TiDB PCTP, OBCP V4, KCP certified. Specializes in PostgreSQL architecture design, disaster recovery, and performance optimization. + +## Introduction: The "Best Bridge" in the Database World + +In today's diverse database landscape, enterprises often face a dilemma: embrace PostgreSQL with its rich open-source ecosystem, or stick with Oracle's powerful but costly solutions? The complexity of migration, high licensing fees, and application compatibility concerns often paralyze decision-making. + +**IvorySQL** was born to bridge this gap. Built on PostgreSQL, it maintains 100% compatibility while deeply integrating Oracle syntax compatibility, providing a smooth, low-cost migration path. + +## Core Positioning: Born from PostgreSQL, Excelling in Oracle Compatibility + +IvorySQL's philosophy: PostgreSQL as the foundation, Oracle compatibility as the core. + +### Committed to Open Source & PostgreSQL Ecosystem + +The community commits to 100% compatibility with the latest PostgreSQL, preserving the full extension ecosystem (PostGIS, pgvector, pg_cron, etc.). + +### Powerful Oracle Compatibility + +The key innovation is the `ivorysql.compatible_mode` GUC parameter. Toggling between `oracle` and `pg` modes at the session level enables "one database, two modes." + +## Deep Technical Analysis: How "Seamless Compatibility" Works + +### 1. GUC-Driven Dual-Mode Initialization + +```bash +# PostgreSQL-only mode +initdb -D /usr/ivory-5/data -m pg + +# Oracle-compatible mode (default) +initdb -D /usr/ivory-5/data -m oracle +``` + +```sql +SHOW ivorysql.compatible_mode; -- oracle +SET ivorysql.compatible_mode TO pg; +``` + +### 2. PL/iSQL: Seamless Oracle PL/SQL Compatibility + +```sql +CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION add_numbers(p_a NUMBER, p_b NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS +BEGIN + RETURN p_a + p_b; +END; +/ +``` + +Full support for anonymous blocks, packages, exception handling, and other Oracle core programming features. + +### 3. Data Types & Functions + +VARCHAR2, NUMBER, NVL, DECODE, SYSDATE, ADD_MONTHS, ROWID — all Oracle-native features: + +```sql +SELECT SYSDATE FROM dual; +SELECT NVL(NULL, 'Default Value') FROM dual; +SELECT DECODE(1, 1, 'One', 2, 'Two', 'Other') FROM dual; +``` + +Also supports sequences, invisible columns, %TYPE/%ROWTYPE attributes, and `identifier_case_switch` for Oracle-PG case mapping. + +## Deployment: From Standalone to Cloud-Native + +### Yum Install + +```bash +sudo dnf install -y ivorysql5-5.3 +``` + +### Docker + +```bash +docker pull ivorysql/ivorysql:5.3-ubi8 +docker run --name ivorysql -p 5432:5432 -p 1521:1521 \ + -e IVORYSQL_PASSWORD=mysecretpassword -d ivorysql/ivorysql:5.3-ubi8 +``` + +### K8s Operator + +```yaml +apiVersion: ivory-operator.ivorysql.org/v1beta1 +kind: IvoryCluster +metadata: + name: hippo +spec: + image: ivorysql/ivorysql:5.3-ubi8 + instances: + - name: instance1 + replicas: 2 +``` + +## Operations Ecosystem + +Streaming replication for HA, pgMonitor + Grafana for observability, and built-in diagnostics: + +```sql +EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) SELECT * FROM large_table WHERE id = 100; +SELECT pid, state, query FROM pg_stat_activity WHERE state = 'active'; +``` + +## Conclusion: A Future-Ready Data Infrastructure + +IvorySQL successfully solves the fundamental Oracle migration barrier: compatibility. It combines Oracle's power with PostgreSQL's flexibility — not to replace either, but to let history and the future coexist on an efficient, reliable platform. diff --git a/blog/authors.yml b/blog/authors.yml index f20962a..be813f1 100644 --- a/blog/authors.yml +++ b/blog/authors.yml @@ -15,4 +15,6 @@ Yasir Hussain Shah: 唐成: name: 唐成 ShunWah: - name: ShunWah \ No newline at end of file + name: ShunWah +杨宇: + name: 杨宇 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/i18n/zh-CN/docusaurus-plugin-content-blog/2026-06-25-ivorysql-deepdive/index.md b/i18n/zh-CN/docusaurus-plugin-content-blog/2026-06-25-ivorysql-deepdive/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ce60bb1 --- /dev/null +++ b/i18n/zh-CN/docusaurus-plugin-content-blog/2026-06-25-ivorysql-deepdive/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,194 @@ +--- +slug: ivorysql-deepdive +title: "IvorySQL 深度解析：融合 PostgreSQL 生态与 Oracle 兼容性的革新之路" +authors: [杨宇] +category: IvorySQL +image: img/blog/covers/ivorysql-deepdive.jpg +tags: [IvorySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, Migration, PL/iSQL] +--- + +> 作者：杨宇，PG ACE，第八届 PG 数据库生态大会 2025 年度金牌讲师，PG 分会哈尔滨用户组核心成员，负责本公司数据库、云计算等相关运维工作。曾主持对公司 PostgreSQL 数据库进行架构设计、容灾系统搭建及报表优化工作，发表多篇架构、优化相关的原创文章。目前拥有 ORACLE 11G/12C OCM、MYSQL 5.7/8.0 OCP、TIDB PCTP、OBCP V4、电科金仓 KCP 等资质认证。 + +## 引言：数据库领域的 "最佳桥梁" + +在当今多元化的数据库技术栈中，企业常常面临一个两难选择：是拥抱开源、生态丰富、性能卓越的 PostgreSQL，还是沿用商业强大、生态成熟但成本高昂的 Oracle 数据库？迁移的复杂性、高昂的许可费用以及对现有应用的兼容性担忧，往往让企业在技术选型和迁移上举步维艰。 + +IvorySQL 正是在这一背景下应运而生。它并非一个简单的数据库，而是一个旨在架起 PostgreSQL 与 Oracle 之间桥梁的革新性开源项目。它基于 PostgreSQL 开发，在保持与原版数据库 100% 语法兼容的同时，深度兼容 Oracle 语法，为企业提供了一条平滑、低成本的迁移与融合路径。 + +## 核心定位：生于 PostgreSQL，优于 Oracle 兼容 + +IvorySQL 的核心哲学可以概括为：以 PostgreSQL 为基石，以 Oracle 兼容性为核心。 + +### 坚守开源与 PostgreSQL 生态 + +IvorySQL 社区明确承诺，始终与 PostgreSQL 数据库保持 100% 兼容，并可直接替换最新版本的 PostgreSQL。这意味着 PostgreSQL 强大的扩展生态系统（如 PostGIS、pgvector、pg_cron 等）在 IvorySQL 中得以完整保留。 + +### 强大的 Oracle 兼容性 + +这是 IvorySQL 区别于其他基于 PostgreSQL 的分支的核心竞争力。其关键在于 `ivorysql.compatible_mode` 这个 GUC 参数。通过将其设置为 `oracle` 或 `pg`，用户可以在同一套数据库系统内无缝切换 Oracle 兼容模式和原生 PostgreSQL 模式，这在数据库产品中是极为创新的设计。 + +## 深度技术解析：如何实现 "无缝兼容"？ + +### 1. GUC 参数驱动的双模式与初始化 + +#### 初始化时指定模式 + +**初始化为纯 PostgreSQL 模式**：`initdb -D /usr/ivory-5/data -m pg`，使用 `-m pg` 模式后 `ivorysql.compatible_mode` 参数将失效，系统行为与原生 PostgreSQL 完全一致。 + +**初始化为 Oracle 兼容模式（默认）**：`initdb -D /usr/ivory-5/data -m oracle` + +#### 运行时动态切换 + +```sql +SHOW ivorysql.compatible_mode; +-- 输出: oracle + +SET ivorysql.compatible_mode TO pg; +SHOW ivorysql.compatible_mode; +-- 输出: pg +``` + +### 2. PL/iSQL：Oracle PL/SQL 的无缝兼容 + +**匿名块兼容** + +```sql +DECLARE + i integer := 10; + grade CHAR(1) := 'B'; +BEGIN + CASE grade + WHEN 'A' THEN RAISE NOTICE 'Excellent'; + WHEN 'B' THEN RAISE NOTICE 'Very Good'; + END CASE; +EXCEPTION + WHEN CASE_NOT_FOUND THEN + RAISE NOTICE 'No such grade'; +END; +/ +``` + +**函数兼容** + +```sql +CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION add_numbers(p_a NUMBER, p_b NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS +BEGIN + RETURN p_a + p_b; +END; +/ + +SELECT add_numbers(10, 20) FROM dual; +``` + +**包（PACKAGE）兼容** + +```sql +CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE my_pkg IS + var1 INTEGER; + FUNCTION get_double(p_id INTEGER) RETURN INTEGER; + PROCEDURE print_message(p_msg VARCHAR2); +END my_pkg; +/ + +CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY my_pkg IS + FUNCTION get_double(p_id INTEGER) RETURN INTEGER IS + BEGIN + RETURN p_id * 2; + END; + PROCEDURE print_message(p_msg VARCHAR2) IS + BEGIN + DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(p_msg); + END; +BEGIN + var1 := 100; +END my_pkg; +/ +``` + +### 3. 数据类型与函数 + +IvorySQL 支持大量 Oracle 独有的数据类型和函数： + +```sql +CREATE TABLE customers ( + cust_id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY, + cust_name VARCHAR2(100) -- 非标准PG类型，IvorySQL兼容 +); +``` + +**常用内置函数**：SYSDATE、ADD_MONTHS、NVL、DECODE、INSTRB、SUBSTRB 等。 + +```sql +SELECT SYSDATE FROM dual; +SELECT NVL(NULL, 'Default Value') FROM dual; +SELECT DECODE(1, 1, 'One', 2, 'Two', 'Other') FROM dual; +``` + +**RowID 伪列**：`SET ivorysql.default_with_rowids TO on;` + +### 4. 其他关键特性 + +支持 Sequence 序列、不可见列（INVISIBLE COLUMN）、%TYPE 和 %ROWTYPE 属性、CALL INTO 子句等。通过 `identifier_case_switch` 参数解决 Oracle 与 PG 标识符大小写差异问题，提供 normal、interchange、lowercase 三种模式。 + +## 安装部署：从单机到云原生的全景图 + +### Yum 一键安装 + +```bash +sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/ivorysql.repo <