diff --git a/tests/test_future_annotations.py b/tests/test_future_annotations.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4cb5356
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_future_annotations.py
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+import typing
+
+import pytest
+
+from that_depends import BaseContainer, Provide, providers
+
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+
+    class Unresolvable:
+        pass
+
+
+class Service:
+    pass
+
+
+class FutureAnnotationsContainer(BaseContainer):
+    service = providers.Object(Service()).bind(Service)
+
+
+@FutureAnnotationsContainer.inject
+def inject_service_sync(service: Service = Provide()) -> Service:
+    return service
+
+
+@FutureAnnotationsContainer.inject
+async def inject_service_async(service: Service = Provide()) -> Service:
+    return service
+
+
+def test_type_based_injection_resolves_postponed_annotations_sync() -> None:
+    assert isinstance(inject_service_sync(), Service)
+
+
+async def test_type_based_injection_resolves_postponed_annotations_async() -> None:
+    assert isinstance(await inject_service_async(), Service)
+
+
+def test_type_based_injection_rejects_unresolvable_local_annotation() -> None:
+    class LocalService:
+        pass
+
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError, match="Cannot resolve annotations for injected function"):
+
+        @FutureAnnotationsContainer.inject
+        def target(service: LocalService = Provide()) -> LocalService:  # pragma: no cover
+            return service
+
+
+def test_type_based_injection_rejects_non_concrete_annotation() -> None:
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError, match="Type-based injection for 'service' requires a concrete runtime type"):
+
+        @FutureAnnotationsContainer.inject
+        def target(service: list[str] = Provide()) -> list[str]:  # pragma: no cover
+            return service
+
+
+def test_direct_provider_injection_does_not_resolve_unrelated_annotations() -> None:
+    provider = providers.Object(1)
+
+    @FutureAnnotationsContainer.inject
+    def target(value: int = Provide[provider], unrelated: Unresolvable | None = None) -> int:
+        _ = unrelated
+        return value
+
+    assert target() == 1
diff --git a/that_depends/injection.py b/that_depends/injection.py
index bd020b7..19bd8d7 100644
--- a/that_depends/injection.py
+++ b/that_depends/injection.py
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ class _TypedInjectionParameter(typing.NamedTuple):
 
 
 class _InjectionPlan(typing.NamedTuple):
+    signature: inspect.Signature
     direct_parameters: tuple[_DirectInjectionParameter, ...]
     string_parameters: tuple[_StringInjectionParameter, ...]
     typed_parameters: tuple[_TypedInjectionParameter, ...]
@@ -98,10 +99,21 @@ def close(self) -> None:
 
 @functools.cache
 def _build_injection_plan(func: typing.Callable[..., typing.Any]) -> _InjectionPlan:
+    signature = inspect.signature(func)
+    parameters = tuple(signature.parameters.items())
     direct_parameters: list[_DirectInjectionParameter] = []
     string_parameters: list[_StringInjectionParameter] = []
     typed_parameters: list[_TypedInjectionParameter] = []
-    for index, (field_name, param) in enumerate(inspect.signature(func).parameters.items()):
+    if any(isinstance(param.default, _Provide) for _, param in parameters):
+        try:
+            resolved_hints = typing.get_type_hints(func)
+        except (NameError, TypeError) as exc:
+            msg = f"Cannot resolve annotations for injected function {func.__qualname__}"
+            raise TypeError(msg) from exc
+    else:
+        resolved_hints = {}
+
+    for index, (field_name, param) in enumerate(parameters):
         default = param.default
         if isinstance(default, StringProviderDefinition):
             string_parameters.append(_StringInjectionParameter(index, field_name, default))
@@ -115,14 +127,24 @@ def _build_injection_plan(func: typing.Callable[..., typing.Any]) -> _InjectionP
                 )
             )
         elif isinstance(default, _Provide):
+            annotation = resolved_hints.get(field_name, param.annotation)
+            if (
+                annotation is inspect.Parameter.empty
+                or annotation is typing.Any
+                or typing.get_origin(annotation) is not None
+                or not isinstance(annotation, type)
+            ):
+                msg = f"Type-based injection for {field_name!r} requires a concrete runtime type"
+                raise TypeError(msg)
             typed_parameters.append(
                 _TypedInjectionParameter(
                     index,
                     field_name,
-                    typing.cast(type[typing.Any], param.annotation),
+                    annotation,
                 )
             )
     return _InjectionPlan(
+        signature=signature,
         direct_parameters=tuple(direct_parameters),
         string_parameters=tuple(string_parameters),
         typed_parameters=tuple(typed_parameters),